Srimad Bhagavad-Gita : Ch-13, Slo-20, Discussion-3.

15/06/2018
Srimad Bhagavad-Gita :

Chapter-13. ( Kshetra-kshetrajna-vibhaga-yogam)

Slokam-20. ( Nature is said to be the cause of all material activities and effects, whereas the living entity is the cause of the various sufferings and enjoyments in this world.)

"karyakaranakartrtve  hetuh   prakrtirucyate,

purushah  sukhaduhkhanam  bhoktrtveh  heturucyate."


karya-karana-kartrtve  =   the  happening  of  cause and effect;

prakrtih  hetuh  ucyate  =   it  is  said  to  be  the  instrument  is  the  nature;

sukhaduhkhanam  bhoktrtveh  =   in the  experience  of  joy  and  sorrow;   

purushah  hetuh  ucyate  =  it  is  said  that  purusha  is  the  instrument.

Discussion-3.

14
Here in this slokam the word purusa is referring to His expansion as the atma within the heart of all living entities which by its own intrinsic nature is liberated and blissful but by the influence of karma and prakriti is entangled in the material existence undergoing experiences of enjoyment and suffering based on this relationship which manifest according to the dicitates and constraints of the adventitiously and contrary circumstances of past actions from which arise effects known as karma.
15
The word bhoktrtve meaning the experience of happiness and distress confirms this.
16
The word karyam meaning effect verily signifies the physical body. The word karana meaning cause reinforces the reality that the physical body is the instrument of performing actions. The word bhoktrtve means experiencing.
17
Lord Krishna as the purusa a manifestation of the Supreme Lord as unlimited consciousness is the cause witnessing and experiencing through all jivas or embodied beings. Prakriti or the material substratum pervading material existence is the effect of actions and the purusa being superior is the cause of action.
18
Lord Krishna having explained the evolutionary cycle of material nature, He explains of the respective functions of matter and spirit as they exist conjointly.
19
The words karya-karana-kartrtve mean the results of the combination of the evolution of the bodily organs and functions and the influence of the presiding demigods on the senses which when coming in contact with matter are the cause of the jiva or embodied soul to be in bondage experiencing the consequence of their karma or reactions to good and bad actions and obliged to accept happiness and misery. This is unavoidable as long as one remains infatuated and attracted to material existence.

To be continued  ...